Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a method where the entire building is modelled digitally in 3D — and where each element in the model contains data: material, dimensions, supplier, maintenance schedule and more. BIM is not just an advanced CAD drawing — it’s a dynamic information model.
Why does it matter to you?
As a client or homeowner, you’ll encounter BIM primarily in two contexts:
During design and construction: Architects and engineers use BIM to coordinate the project, detect clashes (e.g. pipes colliding with beams) and calculate quantities for tendering.
As documentation: A BIM model of your building can serve as a “digital building passport” — an accurate, updatable record of all building elements. This makes future renovations easier and cheaper to plan and execute.
The Danish state and large clients (municipalities, housing associations) increasingly require BIM on major projects.
How it works
BIM models are typically built in software such as Revit (Autodesk) or ArchiCAD. The model contains:
- Architectural model: Walls, windows, doors, rooms
- Structural model: Beams, columns, foundations
- MEP model: Plumbing, electrical, ventilation
The three models are coordinated throughout the design process — and clashes are resolved digitally rather than on the building site.
Levels of development (LOD)
BIM is classified by LOD (Level of Development) from 100 (schematic) to 500 (as-built documentation). The higher the LOD, the more precise and data-rich the model.
Frequently asked questions
Is BIM the same as a 3D drawing?
No. A 3D drawing shows geometry. A BIM model also contains data — material, U-values, lifespan, cost. The difference is between a picture and a database.
Should private homeowners care about BIM?
Not directly — but for major renovations or extensions it’s worth asking your architect for a BIM model as final documentation. It makes future alterations significantly easier to plan.
How much does BIM cost?
BIM requires specialist software and skills and is more expensive to produce than traditional drawings. For larger projects, the investment is typically recovered through coordination savings and reduced errors on site.