PCM (Phase Change Material).
PCM is a niche technology with a moderate CO₂ footprint. It is only relevant in specific situations requiring thermal mass in lightweight constructions. Read the numbers together with function, lifespan, detailing and the specific building element.
- Carbon Footprint (GWP)
- 2.8 kg CO₂-eq/kg
- Source: estimatee based on the EN 15804 average
- Density
- 800–1800 kg/m³
- Expected Lifespan
- 25–50 years
How to use this assessment
The assessment of pcm (phase change material) is a first decision basis. Carbon numbers, density and lifespan give a point of comparison, but the material must always be read together with structure, moisture, fire requirements, detailing, maintenance and the condition of the existing building. A good material choice is therefore both a data question and an architectural judgement. The useful next step is to clarify which questions should be examined further before the material is specified in a project.
What is pcm (phase change material)?
PCM (Phase Change Material) materials that absorb and release large amounts of heat during phase change (typically melting/solidification at 20–28°C). They are incorporated into walls, floors and ceilings to increase the building's thermal mass without extra weight. Used for temperature stabilisation in lightweight buildings.
Carbon Footprint Compared
Negative carbon footprint (green) indicates carbon storage. Data based on EPD averages from ECO Platform and estimates per EN 15804.
Typical Applications
- check_circle PCM gypsum boards (integrated in walls)
- check_circle PCM underfloor heating buffer
- check_circle Data centre cooling
- check_circle Industrial temperature control
In Renovation
PCM is relevant for renovation of lightweight houses that suffer from overheating in summer. PCM gypsum boards can be installed like normal gypsum cladding and provide increased thermal mass.
Questions about pcm (phase change material)
What is the advantage of PCM over concrete as thermal mass?
PCM stores 5–14 times more energy per kg than concrete during phase change. It provides effective thermal mass in lightweight structures (CLT, steel) that normally have low thermal mass. PCM gypsum boards weigh approximately 13 kg/m² and function like 100 mm concrete.
What are typical PCM materials?
Paraffin wax (petroleum derivative) is the most widely used PCM. Fatty acids and sugar compounds are more sustainable alternatives. Salt hydrates are inexpensive but can have delamination issues over time.
Is PCM technology mature?
PCM gypsum boards are commercially available (KNAUF, MICRONAL). The technology is well-tested but not mainstream. The price is 3–5x higher than standard gypsum boards.
Does PCM reduce cooling requirements?
Yes — studies show that PCM can reduce peak cooling load by 10–30% in well-designed systems. It is most effective in buildings with large daily temperature fluctuations.
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